Ukuthengiswa kwendawo yokuchaneka kweetyhubhu ezikhanyayo
Umbhobho obandayo oqengqelekayo ongenamthungo (i-GB3639-2000) ngumbhobho wentsimbi opholileyo otsalweyo okanye obandayo oqengqelekayo ongenamthungo onobume obuchanekileyo obuphezulu kunye nokugqiba okuhle komphezulu wesakhiwo soomatshini kunye nezixhobo zehydraulic. Ukongeza kumbhobho wentsimbi jikelele, umbhobho wentsimbi ophantsi nophakathi woxinzelelo oluphezulu, umbhobho wensimbi webhoyila woxinzelelo oluphezulu, umbhobho wentsimbi yealloyi, umbhobho wentsimbi, umbhobho oqhawukayo wepetroleum kunye neminye imibhobho yentsimbi, umbhobho oqengqelekayo (otsaliweyo) onomthungo uquka ikhabhoni ebhityileyo-ebiyelwe ngodonga. umbhobho wentsimbi, umbhobho wentsimbi obhityileyo obhityileyo, umbhobho wentsimbi obhityileyo obhityileyo kunye nombhobho wentsimbi omilise okhethekileyo. Idayamitha yangaphandle yombhobho ongenamthungo oqengqelekayo bukhulu kune-32mm kwaye ubukhulu bodonga yi-2.5-75mm. Idayamitha yombhobho wentsimbi engenamthungo eqengqelekayo inokufikelela kwi-6mm kwaye ubukhulu bodonga bube yi-0.25mm. Idayamitha yangaphandle yombhobho obhityileyo unokufikelela kwi-5mm kwaye ubukhulu bodonga bungaphantsi kwe-0.25mm. Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo kunomgangatho ophezulu wokuchaneka kunokuqengqeleka okushushu.
1.Intsimbi epholileyo epholileyo ivumela i-buckling yendawo yecandelo, elinokuthi lisebenzise ngokupheleleyo umthamo wokuthwala ilungu emva kokuqhawula; I-hot-rolled section steel ayivumeli i-buckling yendawo.
2.Izizathu zokuxinezeleka okushiyekileyo kwintsimbi yecandelo elitshisayo kunye nentsimbi epholileyo epholileyo iyahluka, ngoko ke ukusabalalisa kwicandelo kukwahluke kakhulu. Ukusabalalisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwicandelo lentsimbi yecandelo elibandayo elibandayo liyintsimbi yokugoba, ngelixa ukusabalalisa uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo kwicandelo lentsimbi yecandelo elitshisayo okanye i-welded section luhlobo lwefilimu.
3. Ukuqina kwe-torsion yamahhala yentsimbi yecandelo elitshisayo liphezulu kunelo candelo lentsimbi epholileyo, ngoko ke ukuxhathisa kwe-torsion yentsimbi yecandelo elitshisayo ingcono kuneyentsimbi yecandelo elibandayo.
Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo kubhekisa ekusetyenzweni kwepleyiti yentsimbi okanye umcu kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsimbi kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi ngomzobo obandayo, ukugoba okubandayo, umzobo obandayo kunye nokunye ukusetyenzwa okubandayo.
Izinto eziluncedo:isantya sokwenza ngokukhawuleza, ukukhutshwa okuphezulu, akukho monakalo kwi-coating, kwaye inokwenziwa kwiifom ezahlukeneyo zecandelo elinqamlezayo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeemeko zenkonzo; Ukuqengqeleka okubandayo kunokuvelisa i-deformation enkulu yeplastiki yentsimbi, ukuze kuphuculwe indawo yokuvelisa intsimbi.
Izinto ezingeloncedo:1. Nangona kungabikho ukunyanzeliswa kweplastiki eshushu kwinkqubo yokuqulunqa, kusekho uxinzelelo oluseleyo kwicandelo, eliya kuchaphazela ngokuqinisekileyo iimpawu ze-buckling jikelele kunye neendawo zetsimbi; 2. Isitayela sentsimbi epholileyo yecandelo elibandayo lihlala livulekile icandelo, ukwenzela ukuba ukuqina kwe-torsional kwamahhala kwecandelo kuphantsi. I-Torsion kulula ukwenzeka ukugoba, ukugoba kunye ne-torsional buckling kulula ukwenzeka kuxinzelelo, kwaye ukusebenza kwe-torsional kubi; 3. Ubukhulu bodonga lwentsimbi eyenziwe ngokubanda-ebunjiweyo buncinci, kwaye akukho ukujiya kwikona yokudibanisa ipleyiti, ngoko ke ukukwazi ukuthwala umthwalo ogxininisiweyo wendawo ubuthathaka.
Xa kuthelekiswa nombhobho ongenamthungo opholileyo, oshushu-oshushu ogqityiweyo uqengqeleka ngaphantsi kweqondo lobushushu le-recrystallization, kwaye umbhobho ongenamthungo oshushu waqengqeleka ngaphezu kobushushu bokuhlaziya.
Izinto eziluncedo:inokutshabalalisa i-casting structure ye-ingot, ihlambulule ingqolowa yentsimbi kwaye isuse iziphene ze-microstructure, ukwenzela ukuba insimbi idibanise kwaye iphucule iimpawu zomatshini. Olu phuculo lubonakaliswa ngokuyinhloko kwi-rolling direction, ukwenzela ukuba insimbi ingabi yi-isotropic kwinqanaba elithile; Ama-Bubbles, ii-cracks kunye nokukhululeka okwenziwe ngexesha lokuthululelwa kunokudityaniswa phantsi kwesenzo sokushisa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo.
Izinto ezingeloncedo:1. Emva kokutshisa okutshisayo, i-non-metallic inclusions (ikakhulukazi i-sulfide, i-oxide kunye ne-silicate) kwintsimbi igxininiswe kumaphepha amancinci, okubangelwa i-delamination (interlayer) phenomenon. 2. I-Delamination iyonakalisa kakhulu iipropathi zokunyibilika kwentsimbi ecaleni kwendlela yokuqina, kwaye ukukrazuka kwe-interlayer kunokwenzeka xa i-weld ishwabana. Ukunyanzeliswa kwendawo okubangelwa yi-weld shrinkage kaninzi kufikelela kumaxesha amaninzi kwi-isivuno point strain, enkulu kakhulu kunokuba ibangelwa ngumthwalo; 2. Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo olubangelwa kukupholisa okungalinganiyo. Uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo luxinzelelo lwangaphakathi lokuzilinganisa ngaphandle kwamandla angaphandle. Amacandelo ashushu aqengqelekayo amacandelo ahlukeneyo anolu hlobo loxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu becala ubukhulu becandelo lentsimbi yecandelo, lukhulu loxinzelelo olushiyekileyo. Nangona uxinzelelo olushiyekileyo luzilungelelanisa, lusenempembelelo ethile ekusebenzeni kwamalungu ensimbi phantsi kwamandla angaphandle. Ngokomzekelo, inokuba nemiphumo emibi kwi-deformation, ukuzinza kunye nokumelana nokukhathala. 3. Ubukhulu kunye nobubanzi becala leemveliso zetsimbi ezitshisayo akulula ukuzilawula. Siqhelene nokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokucutheka okubandayo. Nokuba ubude kunye nobukhulu budibana nomgangatho ekuqaleni kokuqengqeleka okushushu, kuya kubakho umahluko othile ongalunganga emva kokupholisa. Ububanzi bomphetho wobubanzi balo mahluko ungalunganga kukuba, ukutyeba ngakumbi, kokukhona kubonakala ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, kwintsimbi enkulu, ububanzi becala, ubukhulu, ubude, i-angle kunye nomgca wecala lentsimbi ayinakufunwa ukuba ichaneke kakhulu.
(1) Isakhiwo ngokubanzi Umbhobho ongenamthungo wesakhiwo soomatshini (GB / t8162-87) (2) umbhobho ongenamthungo kwibhoyila yoxinzelelo oluphantsi noluphakathi (GB / t3087-1999) (3) umbhobho ongenamthungo kwibhoyila yoxinzelelo oluphezulu st45.8/111 ( I-GB / t5310-85) (4) umbhobho ongenamthungo wokudluliselwa kwamanzi (GB / t8163-1999) (5) umbhobho ozotyiweyo obandayo okanye obandayo oqengqelekayo ongenamthungo (GB / t3639-83) (6) umbhobho wentsimbi wokomba wejoloji (yb235- 70) (7) umbhobho wentsimbi wokomba ipetroleum (yb528-65) (8) ）umbhobho ongenamthungo wokuchaneka kwedayamitha yangaphakathi yombhobho we-hydraulic cylinder (GB8713-88) (9) umbhobho ongenamthungo wesichumiso sekhemikhali (gb6479-86) (10) zaselwandle umbhobho (gb5312-85) (11) umbhobho wokuqhekeka wepetroleum (gb9948-88) (12) imibhobho yealloyi eyahlukeneyo 16Mn 27SiMn 15CrMo, 35CrMo 12CrMoV 20g 40Cr
