Uxinzelelo oluphezulu lomenzi wetyhubhu yensimbi engenasici
I-316L luphawu lwentsimbi engatyiwa, i-AISI 316L luphawu oluhambelanayo lwaseMelika kunye ne-Sus 316L luphawu oluhambelanayo lwaseJapan. Ikhowudi yedijithali edibeneyo yaseChina yi-s31603, uphawu oluqhelekileyo ngu-022cr17ni12mo2 (umgangatho omtsha), kunye ne-brand endala yi-00Cr17Ni14Mo2, ebonisa ukuba iqulethe i-Cr, i-Ni kunye ne-Mo, kwaye inombolo ibonisa ipesenti esondeleyo. Umgangatho wesizwe yi-GB / T 20878-2007 (uhlelo lwangoku). I-316L isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwishishini lemichiza ngenxa yokumelana nokugqwesa kwayo okugqwesileyo. I-316L nayo i-derivative steel derivative ye-18-8 austenitic stainless steel, kunye ne-2 ~ 3% Mo yongezwa. Kwisiseko se-316L, amabakala amaninzi ensimbi nawo aphuma. Ngokomzekelo, i-316Ti ithathwa emva kokongeza inani elincinci le-Ti, i-316N ithathwa emva kokongeza inani elincinci le-N, kwaye i-317L ifumaneka ngokunyusa umxholo we-Ni kunye ne-mo.
Uninzi lwe-316L ekhoyo kwimarike iveliswa ngokwemigangatho yaseMelika. Ngokuqwalasela iindleko, iintsimbi zentsimbi zinciphisa ngokubanzi umxholo we-Ni weemveliso ukuya kumda ophantsi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Umgangatho waseMelika umisela ukuba umxholo we-Ni we-316L ngu-10 ~ 14%, kwaye umgangatho waseJapan uchaza ukuba umxholo we-Ni we-316L yi-12 ~ 15%. Ngokomgangatho omncinci, kukho umehluko we-2% kumxholo we-Ni phakathi komgangatho waseMelika kunye nomgangatho waseJapan, obonakaliswa kwixabiso. Ke ngoko, abathengi basafuna ukubona ukuba imveliso ibhekisa kumgangatho we-ASTM okanye we-JIS xa kuthengwa iimveliso ezingama-316L.
Umxholo we-Mo we-316L wenza ukuba intsimbi ibe nokumelana ne-corrosion ye-pitting egqwesileyo kwaye ingasetyenziswa ngokukhuselekileyo kwimo equkethe i-halogen ions ezifana ne-Cl -. Ekubeni i-316L isetyenziselwa ubukhulu becala kwiikhemikhali zayo, iintsimbi zetsimbi zineemfuno ezingaphantsi kancinci zokuhlolwa kwendawo ye-316L (xa kuthelekiswa ne-304), kwaye abathengi abaneemfuno eziphezulu eziphezulu kufuneka bomeleze ukuhlolwa kwendawo.
Iintsimbi ezimbini ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa i-stainless steels 304316 (okanye i-1.4308,1.4408 ehambelana nemigangatho yaseJamani / yaseYurophu), umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-316 kunye ne-304 ekubunjweni kweekhemikhali kukuba i-316 iqulethe i-Mo, kwaye iyaqondwa ngokubanzi ukuba i-316 inokumelana ne-corrosion engcono kwaye ukumelana nokudleka ngaphezulu kwama-304 kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu. Ke ngoko, kwindawo yobushushu obuphezulu, iinjineli zihlala zikhetha iinxalenye ezingama-316. Kodwa into ebizwa ngokuba yinto engekho ngokupheleleyo. Kwimeko ye-asidi ye-sulfuric egxininisiweyo, ungasebenzisi i-316 nakweyiphi na iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Ngaphandle koko, iya kuba nkulu. Abantu abafunda ubuchwephesha bonke bafunde imisonto. Ndisakhumbula i-lubricant emnyama eqinileyo ekufuneka isetyenziswe ukunqanda imisonto ekulumeni kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu: i-molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), apho kunokuthatyathwa khona izigqibo ezibini: okokuqala, i-Mo ngokwenene yinto exhathisa ubushushu obuphezulu (ingaba uyazi? Yeyiphi igolide enyibilikisiweyo? I-Molybdenum crucible!). I-2: I-Molybdenum isabela ngokulula ngeeyoni zesulfure ze-valence eziphezulu ukwenza i-sulfide. Ke ngoko, akukho ntsimbi engenastainless ayinakoyiswa kwaye iyamelana ne-corrosion. Ekugqibeleni, insimbi engenasici yintsimbi enokungcola okungaphezulu (kodwa ezi zinto zingcolileyo zi-corrosion-resistant kunentsimbi). Ukuba yintsimbi, inokusabela nezinye izinto.
